thoái hóa
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Verb:
- To degenerate: To decline from a higher to a lower level of quality, function, or moral character. Often used for biological systems, materials, or ethical standards.
- To deteriorate: To become progressively worse in condition or value.
- To retrograde: To revert to a simpler, worse, or less advanced state.
Usage Examples
- Verb:
- Sụn khớp có thể bị thoái hóa theo tuổi tác. (Joint cartilage can degenerate with age.)
- Đất canh tác liên tục mà không cải tạo sẽ dần thoái hóa. (Cultivated land that is continuously farmed without improvement will gradually deteriorate.)
- Một số quan chức đã bị thoái hóa về đạo đức. (Some officials have degenerated morally.)
Advanced Usage
- In medical and biological contexts, "thoái hóa" specifically describes a pathological process where tissue or cells lose their normal structure and function.
- Bệnh thoái hóa điểm vàng ảnh hưởng đến thị lực. (Macular degeneration affects eyesight.)
- In social or political contexts, it describes a decline in principles, quality, or vitality.
- Sự thoái hóa của một chế độ. (The degeneration of a regime.)
Variants and Related Words
- Thoái hóa khớp (n): Osteoarthritis, degenerative joint disease.
- Ông ấy được chẩn đoán mắc thoái hóa khớp gối. (He was diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis.)
- Thoái hóa đốt sống (n): Spinal degeneration, spondylosis.
- Đau lưng do thoái hóa đốt sống thắt lưng. (Back pain due to lumbar spondylosis.)
Synonyms
- Degenerate: To fall below a normal or desirable level.
- Deteriorate: To become impaired in quality, functioning, or condition.
- Decline: To move to a worse state.
- Regress: To return to a former, less developed state.
Related Terms
- Suy thoái (v/n): Often used interchangeably with "thoái hóa," but can emphasize a recession or downturn in economic or broad systemic contexts.
- Suy thoái kinh tế. (Economic recession.)
- Teo đi (v): To atrophy, to waste away. This is a specific result of degeneration in biological contexts.
- Cơ bắp không vận động sẽ teo đi. (Unused muscles will atrophy.)
verb
- to degenerate, to retrograde